No. Gifts made during lifetime are subject to a carryover basis. Thus, the basis of the residence when your children receive the residence would be your original purchase price plus the amount of any capital improvements you made while owning the property. This could result in ordinary or capital gains tax if the children sell the home, however, they would benefit by limiting their tax, for example to the 15% capital gains rate, as opposed to paying the 50% estate tax rate.